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haracter(s)	Pattern Ex.	String Ex. (Pattern matches in red)	Example Description & Jsfiddle	Type
Meta Characters
^	/^Cat/	Cat go fast	string must start with Catjsfiddle	anchor
$	/slow$/	Dogs are slow	string must end with slowjsfiddle	anchor
*	/bo*/	boom and boat and bug	matches when the precedingo occurs 0 or more timesjsfiddle	quantifier
+	/bo+/	boom and boat and bug	matches when the precedingo occurs 1 or more timesjsfiddle	quantifier
?	/bo?/	boom and boat and bug	matches when the precedingo occurs 0 or one timejsfiddle	quantifier
.	/.a/	Cats fats rats	any character followed by ana jsfiddle	character class
\	/4\.0/	I have a 4.0.	escape the next charaterjsfiddle	escape
(...)	/(bug) \1's/	bug bug's and bug bugs	match bug and store it in a variable called \1 which you can use later in the express to reference back to the first capture parenthesesjsfiddle	group
(?:...)	/(?:bug) \1's/	bug bug's and bug bugs	don't capture (bug) into a variable. So no matches because \1 has no valuejsfiddle	Groups
(?=...)	/bug(?='s)/	bug bug's and bug bugs	matches bugonly if bug is followed by 's. called a lookaheadjsfiddle	lookaround
(?!...)	/bug(?!'s)/	bug bug's and bug bugs	matches bugonly if bug is not followed by 's called a negated lookaheadjsfiddle	lookaround
...|...	/foo|bar/	foo and bar is foobar	matches eitherfoo or barjsfiddle	alternation
{...}	/fo{2}/	foo and fooo and foooooo and fo	matches the previous character exactly 2 timesjsfiddle	quantifier
{...,}	/fo{2,}/	foo and fooo and foooooo and fo	matches the previous character at least 2 timesjsfiddle	quantifier
{...,...}	/fo{2,4}/	foo and fooo and foooooo and fo	matches the previous character at least 2 times, but no more than 4 timesjsfiddle	quantifier
[...]	/[cde]|[456]/	abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789	matches any c,d, e character or 4, 5, 6characterjsfiddle	character set
[...-...]	/[c-u]|[4-9]/	abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789	matches any character in the range c tou or 4 to 9jsfiddle	character set
[^...]	/[^c-u]/	abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789	matches any single character not in the range ofc to u jsfiddle	character set
Character Shorthands
\b	/\bton\b/	tone wantons ton toon	match ton if its a word character (ie. [A-Za-z0-9_]) between and start and end boundaryjsfiddle	anchors
\B	/ton\B/	tone wantons ton toon	match ton if its NOT a word word character (ie. [A-Za-z0-9_]) between and start and end boundaryjsfiddle	anchors
\d	/\d/	Match digits 0123456789	matches a digit character. Equivalent to [0-9]jsfiddle	character class
\D	/\D/	Match non-digits 0123456789	matches any non-digit character. Equivalent to [^0-9]jsfiddle	character class
\s	/\s/	spaces inbetween these words and line breaks	matches a single white space character, including space, tab, form feed, line feed jsfiddle	character class
\S	/\S/	anything  but white space	matches a single character other than white space, including space, tab, form feed, line feed jsfiddle	character class
\w	/w/	abc or 123 even _ but not much else	matches any alphanumeric character including the underscore. Equivalent to [A-Za-z0-9_] jsfiddle	character class
\W	/\W/	abc or 123 even _ but not much else	matches any non-word character. Equivalent to [^A-Za-z0-9_] jsfiddle	character cl

출처 : http://tech.pro/tutorial/1214/javascript-regular-expression-enlightenment